GARDNER, John Smith  (fl 1794-98) Colonial American
           engraver, diesinker at Philadelphia Mint.
           An assistant to engraver Robert Scot (q.v.) as early
           as 1794, Scot did not tolerate having such assistance.
           While not credited with engraving full dies, Gardner
           did engrave device punches which Scot used for all six
           denomination coins. Ultimately Scot caused Gardner
           to leave the Mint in 1798.

           C   O   I   N   S

1794 Cent Liberty Cap . . . . . . . . . . . . Breen 1669-1677
1794 Half Dime (device punch attributed to
           Gardner) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Breen 2968
1794 Half Dollar Flowing Hair . . . . . . . . Breen 4550-4564
1794 Half Dollar (obv attributed to Gardner). . .  Breen 4551
1795 Half Cent Liberty Cap. . . . . . . . . . Breen 1512-1528
1795 Half Dime Flowing Hair (engraved by Robert Scot,
           but device punch may have been engraved by
           Gardner) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Breen 2968
1794 Half Dollar Flowing Hair (engraved by Robert Scot
           and Gardner) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Breen 4551
1795 Half Dollar (obv attributed to Gardner). . .  Breen 4561
1795 Half Dollar (obv attributed to Gardner). . .  Breen 4564
1795 Dollar (obv attributed to Gardner) . . . Breen 5364-5365
1796 Quarter Dollar Draped Bust . . . . . . . Breen 3881-3882
1798 Dollar Heraldic Design . . . . . . . . . Breen 5377-5402

           N U M I S M A T I C   R E F E R E N C E S

N8  {1924} Stewart, p 93.
E8  {1951} Kenney, p 10.
E8A {1951} Kenney Manuscript File.
E12 {1976} Patterson and Dougall, p 120.
E17 {1983} Pessolano-Filos, p 44.
O12 {1988} Breen 1512-1528, p 163-165; 1669-1677 186- 187; 2968 277; 3881-3882             
           338; 4550-4564 374-376; 5364-5365 424-425; 5377-5402 428-430.