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KOEHLER, Francis Xavier  (1818-1886) German-American
            engraver, diesinker, medalist, jeweler, Baltimore.
            Name variation:  Kohler.
            Born Gmünd, Wüttemberg, Germany, 10 August 1818.
            First learned engraving from his mother, a jewelry
            engraver. Served apprenticeship in Stuttgart.
            Came to America and Baltimore 1850 where he worked
            for Jacob Seeger (see 1851 Seeger Medal Storecard).
`           Signed dies with last name KOEHLER or with initials:
            F.X. KOEHLER.
            Died Baltimore, Maryland, 1886.

          M   E   D   A   L   S

1851 Seeger (Jacob) Silver Plater & Manufacturer Baltimore
            Storecard [Duffield felt Seeger engraved his own
            medal; George Fuld attributes this piece to F.X.
            Koehler) . . . .  Wright 972, Duffield 127, Rulau Md 148
            Illustrated: R10 {1990} Bazelon and McGuinn, page. .  98
1851ca Winans (Ross) Personal Medal (same obv as
            Seeger Storecard, Md 148). . . . . . . . .  Rulau Md 504
1857 Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Faithful Service Medal . .
            Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  PCA 50:429
            Collection: American Numismatic Society. . 1967.225.1057
1857 United States American President Lifesaving Medal
            (struck both in the Philadelphia Mint, and outside
            by private minters). . . . . . . . . . . . . Julian LS-2
            Auctions:. . . BMP 2:5556-5557, BMP 2:5927; J&J 10:1899;
                    PCA 46:233
            Collection: American Numismatic Soc [>1]0000.999.18209
            Collection: Smithsonian National Numismatic. . . 357:159
            Illustrated: M61 {2008} Jaeger U.S. Tokens, Medals, p 251
1876 American Centennial Declaration of Independence
            Medal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Holland 79
            Collection: American Numismatic Society. . . 1967.225.74
Picture
1876 America Centennial E Pluribus Unum Medal (also called
            American People First Century Medal; portraits full length
            Washington and Grant). . . Holland 90, Baker 409,
                                                            HK 118, HK  118a, HK 118b          
            Auctions:. .  J&J 10:1284-1287; NAS 22:4068; PCA 45:499,
                    PCA 45:1067, PCA 46:881, PCA 47:1592-1593,
                    PCA 68:1177, PCA 72:331, PCA 80:180,
PCA 81:103-104
            Collection: American Numismatic Society [>1] . 1935.83.7
            Illustrated: M59 {2008} Hoffman (et al), So-Called Dol p 25
1876 Belt (William) & Company Leather Manufacturers
            Baltimore Storecard. . . .  Miller Md 12, Rulau Md-Ba 6J
1877 Virginia Military Institue Jackson Hope Medal (obv
            statue Thomas J. Jackson; donated by A.J.B. Beresford
            Hope). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
            Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PCA 48:846, PCA 70:380
1878ca Koehler (Francis X.) Engraver & Diesinker
            Baltimore Storecard. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . Rulau Md-Ba 63
1880 Hamill (Charles W.) & Company Silver Plated Ware
            Baltimore Storecard. . . . .  Miller Md 67, Rulau Md-Ba 48
1889ca Cape Fear Agricultural Association of Wilmington North
           Carolina Medal [dates/issued: ?-?]  . . . . ..  Harkness NC-10
           Illustrated: M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, page . . . . .114

          T   O   K   E   N   S

1870ca Bonitz (W.) Goldsboro North Carolina 5
            Token. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . Rulau NC-Go 1
1870ca Eintracht Tyrone Penndylvania 5 Token Rulau Pa-Ty-2
1870ca Eintracht Tyrone Penndylvania 10
            Token. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rulau Pa-Ty 3
1870ca Schaefer (Christ) Elba Park Richmond Virginia
            5 Token. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Miller Va 43, Rulau Va-Ri 31
1870ca Schaefer (Christ) Elba Park Richmond Virginia
            10 Token . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miller Va 42, Rulau Va-Ri 32
1870ca M.R. & M. Club Altoona Pennsylvania 5
            Token. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rulau Pa-Al 5
1870ca Patriotic Token (3/273) . . . . . . . . . . . .
            Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. PCA 43:157
1870ca Union Club Washington Club District of Columbia
            5 Token. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rulau DC-Wa 29A
1870ca Union Club Washington Club District of Columbia
            10 Token . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Rulau DC-Wa 29
1870ca Union Club Washington Club District of Columbia
            25 Token . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Rulau DC-Wa 30
1870ca Zimmerman (C.) Johnstown Pennsylvania 5
            Token. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Rulau Pa-Jn 27
1875ca Moore & Brady Oyster Packers Baltimore
            Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Rulau Md-Ba 71
1875ca Moore & Brady Oyster Packers Baltimore 2
            Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rulau Md-Ba A71
1875ca Moore & Brady Oyster Packers Baltimore 1
            Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rulau Md-Ba C71
1875ca Moore & Brady Oyster Packers Baltimore 2
            Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Rulau Md-Ba 73
1875ca Moore & Brady Oyster Packers Baltimore 5
            Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Rulau Md-Ba 72
1880ca Piedmont Club Lynchburg Virginia 10
            Token. . . . . .  Miller Va 4, Wright 830, Rulau Va-Ly 9

          R  E  P  L  I  C  A  S    &    R  E  I  S  S  U  E  S

1900ca Prince Furniture Company Allentown Pennsylvania
            5 Cent Token (the token by Koehler encased in frame
            struck by J.F.W. Dorman) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rulau All 20

          A  R  C  H  I  V  E  S

DS  Schenkman (David) Engravers, Diesinkers Databank.
Mss  Smith (Pete)  Private Mints in North America.

          C O L L E C T I O N S

C4  {1912} Comparette 159, p 357.

          B I O G R A P H I C A L  R E F E R E N C E S

D15 {1957} Groce and Wallace, p 375.
BF2 {1999} Falk. Who Was Who in American Art, p 2:1882.

          N U M I S M A T I C   R E F E R E N C E S

E3  {1902-30} Forrer 7:509-510.
P2  {1907} Duffield (Frank G.)  The Merchant Cards and Tokens of Baltimore  The Numismatist 20:3(March 1907) p 65.
P2  {1916} Koehler, Die Cutter of Baltimore  The Numismatist 29:9 (Sept 1916) p 399, portrait 
          (Koehler claimed an acquaintance with U.S. Mint engraver Anthony C. Paquet).
E8  {1951} Kenney, p 14.
E8A {1951} Kenney Manuscript File.
M20 {1963} Hibler and Kappen 118, p 13.
E10 {1970} Gladfelter. Civil War Die Sinkers. Journal of the Civil War Token Society  14:4 (Winter 1980) p 98.
M37 {1977} Julian LS-2, p 321.
E17 {1983} Pessolano-Filos, p 66.
S48 {1985} Rulau and Fuld (Baker) 409, p 186.
R10 {1990} Bazelon and McGuinn, p 98.
N31 {1992} Smith. American Numismatic Biographies, p 137.
S58 {1999} Rulau. Standard Catalog U.S. Tokens, p 192, 348, 479; Md 148, Md 504, p 219, 
          DC-Wa 29 to DC-Wa 29A 504, Md-Ba 6J 552, Md-Ba 48 555, Pa-Al 5 671, Pa-Jn 27 672; 
          Pa-Ty-2, Pa-Ty-3 695.
M59 {2008} Hoffman (et al) So-Called Dollars, 2nd edition, p 25.
M61 {2008} Jaeger (Katherine) Guide Book of United States Tokens and Medals, p 251.
M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, NC-10, p 114.
"There has been no scholar better qualified to create 'the American Forrer' than Dick Johnson."
-Cornelius C. Vermule III, Curator Emeritus
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

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