GOBRECHT, Christian (1785-1844) engraver, diesinker,
medalist, inventor; served as engraver, U.S. Mint
Philadelphia, 1834-1844, Chief Engraver 1840-1844.
Born Hanover, Pennsylvania, 23 December 1785.
Engaged in watch engraving while still a youth and
invented a medallion-engraver (anaglyptograph) in
1817. He did diesinking first in Philadelpha, then
Baltimore, before being hired as assistant engraver to
William Kneass at the Philadelphia Mint in 1834. He
replaced Kneass as Chief Engraver on the later's death
August 1840.
His most noted creations were his Flying Eagle silver
dollar patterns of 1836 and he created three different
coin designs which appeared on nine U.S. denominations.
Died Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 23 July 1844.
Had remained Chief Engraver until his death, replaced
by James B. Longacre.
Gobecht held in high esteem by collectors with numismatic
periodical Gobrecht Journal devoted to his life's work.
C O I N S
1840-57 Half Cent Coronet Head. . . . . . . . Breen 1579-1630
1835 One Cent (by William Kneass & Gobrecht). Breen 1862-1873
1839 One Cent Braided Hair (by Gobrecht). . . Breen 1874-1923
1837 Liberty Seated Half Dime . . . . . . . . Breen 3007-3093
1837 Liberty Seated Dime. . . . . . . . . . . Breen 3217-3317
1838 Liberty Seated Quarter . . . . . . . . . Breen 3935-3988
1836 Capped Bust Half Dollar. . . . . . . . . Breen 4731-4739
1838 Liberty Seated Half Dollar . . . . . . . Breen 4740-4929
1836 Flying Eagle Dollar. . . . . . . . . . . Breen 5409-5424
1840 Liberty Seated Dollar. . . . . . . . . . Breen 5425-5472
1840 Coronet Head Quarter Eagle Gold. . . . . Breen 6154-6329
1839 Coronet Head Half Eagle Gold . . . . . . Breen 6519-6801
1838 Coronet Head Eagle Gold. . . . . . . . . Breen 6849-7093
2006 San Francisco Old Mint $5 Gold Coin (obv design
by Charles Vickers, computer model by Joseph
Menna; rev eagle design from Gobrecht’s 1839
Coronet Head $5 coin) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .KM 395
Illustrated: O16 {2010} Jordan, Modern Commems, p . 256
C O I N S E R I E S
First Spouse Series:
2008 Van Buren (Martin) Liberty Lady Gold Coin (obv
Christian Gobrecht’s 1837 Liberty Seated design,
rev designed by Thomas Cleveland, modeled by
Jim Licaretz; struck by U.S. Mints). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (8)
2010 Buchanan (James) Lady Liberty Gold Coin (obv
Gobrecht’s 1840 Coronet Head, rev design by
David Westwood, computer model by Joseph
Menna; struck by U.S. Mints). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (15)
M E D A L S E R I E S
United States Presidential Medals:
1837 Van Buren (Martin) Presidential Medal (dies by
Gobrecht and Moritz Furst) . . . . . . . . . Julian PR-6
Auctions:. . . . . . BMP 2:5745; PCA 50:321, PCA 59:441,
PCA 64:255, PCA 68:220, PCA 68:430, PCA 73:432
1841 Tyler (John) Presidental Medal (obv model by Ferdinand
Pettrich, dies cut by Gobrecht). . . . . . . Julian PR-8
Auctions:. . . . BMP 2:5747-5748; PCA 43:7, PCA 65:365,
PCA 68:221
1846 Polk (James K.) Presidential Medal (obv model by
John Gadsby Chapman, dies cut by Gobrecht) . Julian PR-9
Auctions:. . . . PCA 64:258, PCA 65:366, PCA 68:222-223,
PCA 68:431, PCA 73:433
1849 Taylor (Zachary) Presidential Medal (obv model by
Henry Kirke Brown, dies cut by Gobrecht) . . Julian PR-10
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PCA 68:224
Franklin Institute Medals:
1824 Franklin Institute Medal (designed by Thomas Sully,
engraved by Gobrecht) [dates/issued: 1824-74]
struck by U.S. Mint. . . . . . . Harkness PA-45, Julian AM-17,
Freeman 186, Greenslett GM-90, Fuld FR.M.FR.4
Auctions:. . . . . . BMP 2:5488-5489; J&J 3:505, J&J 7:394,
J&J 12:389; NAS 22:1778-1780, NAS 65:2143-2146;
PCA 45:282, PCA 46:229, PCA 49:425, PCA 50:373,
PCA 51:313, PCA 52:382, PCA 52:394, PCA 55:226,
PCA 59:464, PCA 59:1905, PCA 62:346, PCA 66:342,
PCA 68:557, PCA 71:486, PCA 72:570, PCA 73:592.
PCA 75:356, PCA 78:431
Collection: American Numismatic Soc [>1] 0000.999.18212
Collection: Cornell Univ Johnson Art Gallery . . . . . . . . 195
Exhibited: Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts {1826). 411
Illustrated: M57 {2007} Jaeger-Bowers, 100 Greatest #65
Illustrated: Jaeger M61 {2008} U.S. Tokens, Medals, p 246
Illustrated: M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, page . . . . . .131
1845 Franklin Institute Second Premium Medal [dates/
issued: 1845-1853] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Julian AM-18,
Greenslett GM-94, Fuld FR.M.FR.6
Auctions:. . . . . . .BMP 2:5488; J&J 10:1787; NAS 22:1782,
NAS 65:2273; PCA 46:1243, PCA 60:319, PCA 62:347,
PCA 63:1645, PCA 71:487, PCA 75:357, PCA 82:332
medalist, inventor; served as engraver, U.S. Mint
Philadelphia, 1834-1844, Chief Engraver 1840-1844.
Born Hanover, Pennsylvania, 23 December 1785.
Engaged in watch engraving while still a youth and
invented a medallion-engraver (anaglyptograph) in
1817. He did diesinking first in Philadelpha, then
Baltimore, before being hired as assistant engraver to
William Kneass at the Philadelphia Mint in 1834. He
replaced Kneass as Chief Engraver on the later's death
August 1840.
His most noted creations were his Flying Eagle silver
dollar patterns of 1836 and he created three different
coin designs which appeared on nine U.S. denominations.
Died Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 23 July 1844.
Had remained Chief Engraver until his death, replaced
by James B. Longacre.
Gobecht held in high esteem by collectors with numismatic
periodical Gobrecht Journal devoted to his life's work.
C O I N S
1840-57 Half Cent Coronet Head. . . . . . . . Breen 1579-1630
1835 One Cent (by William Kneass & Gobrecht). Breen 1862-1873
1839 One Cent Braided Hair (by Gobrecht). . . Breen 1874-1923
1837 Liberty Seated Half Dime . . . . . . . . Breen 3007-3093
1837 Liberty Seated Dime. . . . . . . . . . . Breen 3217-3317
1838 Liberty Seated Quarter . . . . . . . . . Breen 3935-3988
1836 Capped Bust Half Dollar. . . . . . . . . Breen 4731-4739
1838 Liberty Seated Half Dollar . . . . . . . Breen 4740-4929
1836 Flying Eagle Dollar. . . . . . . . . . . Breen 5409-5424
1840 Liberty Seated Dollar. . . . . . . . . . Breen 5425-5472
1840 Coronet Head Quarter Eagle Gold. . . . . Breen 6154-6329
1839 Coronet Head Half Eagle Gold . . . . . . Breen 6519-6801
1838 Coronet Head Eagle Gold. . . . . . . . . Breen 6849-7093
2006 San Francisco Old Mint $5 Gold Coin (obv design
by Charles Vickers, computer model by Joseph
Menna; rev eagle design from Gobrecht’s 1839
Coronet Head $5 coin) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .KM 395
Illustrated: O16 {2010} Jordan, Modern Commems, p . 256
C O I N S E R I E S
First Spouse Series:
2008 Van Buren (Martin) Liberty Lady Gold Coin (obv
Christian Gobrecht’s 1837 Liberty Seated design,
rev designed by Thomas Cleveland, modeled by
Jim Licaretz; struck by U.S. Mints). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (8)
2010 Buchanan (James) Lady Liberty Gold Coin (obv
Gobrecht’s 1840 Coronet Head, rev design by
David Westwood, computer model by Joseph
Menna; struck by U.S. Mints). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (15)
M E D A L S E R I E S
United States Presidential Medals:
1837 Van Buren (Martin) Presidential Medal (dies by
Gobrecht and Moritz Furst) . . . . . . . . . Julian PR-6
Auctions:. . . . . . BMP 2:5745; PCA 50:321, PCA 59:441,
PCA 64:255, PCA 68:220, PCA 68:430, PCA 73:432
1841 Tyler (John) Presidental Medal (obv model by Ferdinand
Pettrich, dies cut by Gobrecht). . . . . . . Julian PR-8
Auctions:. . . . BMP 2:5747-5748; PCA 43:7, PCA 65:365,
PCA 68:221
1846 Polk (James K.) Presidential Medal (obv model by
John Gadsby Chapman, dies cut by Gobrecht) . Julian PR-9
Auctions:. . . . PCA 64:258, PCA 65:366, PCA 68:222-223,
PCA 68:431, PCA 73:433
1849 Taylor (Zachary) Presidential Medal (obv model by
Henry Kirke Brown, dies cut by Gobrecht) . . Julian PR-10
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PCA 68:224
Franklin Institute Medals:
1824 Franklin Institute Medal (designed by Thomas Sully,
engraved by Gobrecht) [dates/issued: 1824-74]
struck by U.S. Mint. . . . . . . Harkness PA-45, Julian AM-17,
Freeman 186, Greenslett GM-90, Fuld FR.M.FR.4
Auctions:. . . . . . BMP 2:5488-5489; J&J 3:505, J&J 7:394,
J&J 12:389; NAS 22:1778-1780, NAS 65:2143-2146;
PCA 45:282, PCA 46:229, PCA 49:425, PCA 50:373,
PCA 51:313, PCA 52:382, PCA 52:394, PCA 55:226,
PCA 59:464, PCA 59:1905, PCA 62:346, PCA 66:342,
PCA 68:557, PCA 71:486, PCA 72:570, PCA 73:592.
PCA 75:356, PCA 78:431
Collection: American Numismatic Soc [>1] 0000.999.18212
Collection: Cornell Univ Johnson Art Gallery . . . . . . . . 195
Exhibited: Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts {1826). 411
Illustrated: M57 {2007} Jaeger-Bowers, 100 Greatest #65
Illustrated: Jaeger M61 {2008} U.S. Tokens, Medals, p 246
Illustrated: M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, page . . . . . .131
1845 Franklin Institute Second Premium Medal [dates/
issued: 1845-1853] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Julian AM-18,
Greenslett GM-94, Fuld FR.M.FR.6
Auctions:. . . . . . .BMP 2:5488; J&J 10:1787; NAS 22:1782,
NAS 65:2273; PCA 46:1243, PCA 60:319, PCA 62:347,
PCA 63:1645, PCA 71:487, PCA 75:357, PCA 82:332
1845ca Franklin Institute Obverse Portrait Shell (this obv
employed for issues AM-12 to AM-18) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Auctions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . PCA 84:346
1845ca Franklin Institute Scott Premium Medal (unsigned but
attributed to Gobrecht). . . . Harkness Pa-55, Julian AM-19,
Fuld FR.N.FR.6
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PCA 52:363
Illustrated: M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, page . . . . . .132 1845ca Franklin Institute Scott Premium Medal (unsigned
but attributed to Gobrecht with unusual "emblem" as
signature on truncation; rev lettering in die includes
one line--AWARDED TO-- as horizontal inscription;
dates/issued:184?- ]. . . . . . Harkness PA-60, Julian AM-20,
Greenslett GM-92
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . .J&J 5:501; PCA 56:354, PCA 59:465
Illustrated: M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, page . . . . . .132
1845ca Franklin Institute Scott Premium Medal (unsigned
but attributed to Gobrecht; rev lettering in die entirely
adjacent to rim –as legend–with recipient’s name, data,
date hand inscribed). . . . .Harkness PA-65, Julian AM-20A
Illustrated: M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, page . . . . . .132
n.d. Jackson (Andrew) Indian Peace and Franklin Institute
Reverse Mule Medal [obv IP-16, rev AM-17 by Christian
Gobrecht; probably struck in 1880s]. . . . . . . .
Collection: American Numismatic Society. 0000.999.30341
M E D A L S
1821 Peale's Philadelphia Museum Medal (obv portrait
Charles Willson Peale, museum owner; struck at U.S.
Mint about 1830) . . . . PA 398, Freeman 414, Julian UN-22
Auctions:. . . . . . . . PCA 46:25, PCA 47:125, PCA 47:1177,
PCA 51:41, PCA 56:359, PCA 82:50
Collection: Smithsonian National Numismatic. . . 392:383
Illustrated: N43 {2011} Orosz and Augsburger . . . . . p 77
1821 Peale's Philadelphia Museum Bearer Pass Medal (obv
portrait Charles Willson Peal, rev number) . . . . . .PA 398,
Julian UN-23
Auctions:. . . . . . BMP 1:4735; NAS 65:2190; PCA 55:28,
PCA 56:44
Illustrated: N43 {2011} Orosz and Augsburger . . . . . p 77
1826 Carroll (Charles) of Carrollton Medal. . . . . .. . Julian PE-6
Auctions:. . . . . . BMP 2:5375, BMP 2:5922; PCA 49:410,
PCA 62:332, PCA 68:536-537
Illustrated: M57 {2007} Jaeger-Bowers, 100 Greatest #93
1826 New England Society for Promotion of Manufacturers
and Mechanical Arts Medal (obv Archimedes, Galileo,
Newton). . . . . . . . . . . . . . Harkness Reg-60, Julian AM-55,
Storer 1509
Auctions:. . . BMP 2:5530-5532; PCA 49:428, PCA 64:637,
PCA 70:646
Collection: American Numismatic Society .0000.999.44984
Illustrated: Jaeger M61 {2008} U.S. Tokens, Medals, p 240
Illustrated: Vermeule A15 {1971} Numismatic Art p. . . . 39
Illustrated: M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, page . . . . . .165
1836 United States Mint First Steam Coinage Medal
(February inscription). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Julian MT-20
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BMP 2:5360
Illustrated: M57 {2007} Jaeger-Bowers, 100 Greatest . #44
Illustrated: N43 {2011} Orosz and Augsburger . . . . . p 180
1836 United States Mint First Steam Coinage Medal
(March inscription) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Julian MT-21
Auctions:. . . BMP 1:5385, BMP 2:5361-5362; J&J 10:1890,
J&J 17:907; J&J 17:925, J&J 21:606; NAS 65:2139;
PCA 45:1745, PCA 46:1230, PCA 57:1739-1740
Collection: American Numismatic Soc [>1] . 0000.999.3325
Collection: Smithsonian National Numismatic. . .. . 370:238
Illustrated: N43 {2011} Orosz and Augsburger . . . . . p 180
1837 Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association Medal
[dates/issue: 1837-95] . . . . Harkness MA-70, Julian AM-33,
Storer 1308
Auctions:. . .. .BMP 2:5504-5505; CAL 28:876; J&J 26:739;
NAS 65:1892; PCA 48:524, PCA 50:374, PCA 54:294,
PCA 55:1600, PCA 59:3, PCA 62:350, PCA 64:635,
PCA 65:1693, PCA 66:343, PCA 70:644, PCA 71:490-491,
PCA 72:571, PCA 78:433
Collection: American Numismatic Soc [>1] . 1956.163.1393
Illustrated: Jaeger M61 {2008} U.S. Tokens, Medals, p . 240
Illustrated: M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, page . . . . . . . 58
1839c United Bowmen of Philadelphia Medal (attributed
to Gobrecht by Joseph Levine). . . . . . . . . . . . . Julian UN-35
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BMP 2:5584; PCA 64:642
L I S T M E D A L S
1836 United States Mint First Steam Coinage Medal (with
March inscription) [MT-21] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . List 622
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J&J 19:1265
S E A L S
n.d. Pennsylvania Hospital Philadelphia Seal. . . . . . .
n.d. Saint Peter's Church Philadelphia Seal . . . . . . .
R E P L I C A M E D A L S E R I E S
1966-81 Hanover Numismatic Society Medal Series (replicating
many Gobrecht coins and medals). . . . . . . . . . .
Complete Set of 34 Medals:
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PCA 57:516
Group of 7 Medals:
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J&J 20:221
1968 Hanover Numismatic Society Benjamin Franklin by
Gobrecht Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . Greenslett GM-251
R E P L I C A S & R E I S S U E S
1834 Glorious Whig Victory Token (Liberty Cap copied by an
unknown engraver from Gobrecht's 1836 pattern gold
dollar and First Steam Coinage Medal). . . . . . . Low 7
Auctions:. . . . . . . BMP 1:4504; PCA 64:375, PCA 65:8,
PCA 75:6,
1845ca Glorious Whig Victory Medal (rev device after
Gobrecht's Liberty Cap design of 1836) . . . . . . .
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PCA 66:5
1860ca Washington (George) and Charles Willson Peale
Medal (Washington obv by Robert Lovett Jr, muled with
Gobrecht's Peale portrait U.S. Mint UN-2). . Baker J-220
1892 Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Asociation
Eigthteenth Exhibition Medal. . . . . . . . Storer 1318
1976 Carroll (Charles) of Carrollton Medal (reissue of 1826
Medal, PE-6, with addition of bicentennial
dates on obv) . . Turner 42, Dean D1976-2, Swoger 408
Auctions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CAL 29:1110
Illustrated: M60 {2008}Dean, National Comm Medals, p 57
Illustrated: M62 {2008}Swoger, Nat Comm Medals p 263
1976 Gobrecht (Christian) Medal (by Joseph Dinardo) . . .
Auctions:. . . . . . CAL 29:763; J&J 21:405; PCA 70:1345
Collection: American Numismatic Society. . . . 1983.12.2
Illustrated: P4 {1981} TAMS Journal 21:3 (October) p 146
1985 Philadelphia Coin Club 50th Anniversary Medal (obv
Gobrecht's Liberty Seated from 1976 medal by Dinardo)
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PCA 70:1356
A R C H I V E S
AAA Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, 1 partial microfilm real P24.
C O L L E C T I O N S
C4 {1912} Comparette 238, p 370; 383 392.
C14 {1996} Marqusee 195, p 39, (biography) 92.
B I O G R A P H I C A L R E F E R E N C E S
Px {1844] Philadelphia Public Ledger (25 Jul 1844) 2:7.
E1 {1883} DuBois, p 14.
Px {1906} Darrach (Charles Gobrecht) Christian Gobrecht, Artist and Inventor
Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 30:3 (July 1906) pp 355-358.
D8 {1926} Fielding, p 140, 470.
BE {1943} Webster's Biographical Dictionary, p 601.
BDAB{1946} Dictionary of American Biography, 4:1 pp 336- by J.J. [Joseph Jackson].
D15 {1957} Groce and Wallace p 263.
BH {1963} Who Was Who, p 196.
D33 {1986} Opitz, p 331.
AE1 {1988} Falk, 1:82.
BF2 {1999} Falk. Who Was Who in American Art, p 2:1305.
D3a {2006} Benezit.Dictionary of Artists, p 6:352.
N U M I S M A T I C R E F E R E N C E S
N3 {1888} Evans.
E3 {1902-30} Forrer 2:284, 7:370-373.
P2 {1909} Adams (Edgar H.) Beautiful Coin Types by a Calico Designer. The Numismatist 22:1 (January 1909) p 2.
P2 {1911} The Numismatist 24:12 (December) pp 417-418 (reprinted in Forrer).
M10 {1923} Storer (Massachusetts) 1308, p 169 (pl 21), 1318 170, 1509 194 (pl 25).
N8 {1924} Stewart, p 87.
P2 {1940} The Numismatist 53: p 483.
Px {1944} Coffin (Joseph) Christian Gobrecht Numismatic Scrapbook Magazine 10: (1944) p 889-890.
E8 {1951} Kenney, p 10-11.
E8A {1951} Kenney Manuscript File.
H40 {1954} Breen. The Secret History of the Gobrecht Coinage, 1836-1840, Coin Collector's Journal (1954).
Px {1963} An American Medal [Charles Carroll by Gobrecht]. Antiques 83:2 (February 1963) p 220.
M21 {1964} Freeman, 186, 414, p 91, 200-201.
S26 {1968} Turner 42.
A15 {1971} Vermeule, passim.
N21 {1974} Clain-Stefanelli, color photographs: miniature painting of Gobrecht,
drawings by him, dies, galvano, struck pieces, illustrations pp 160- 161, text 167.
Px {1974} Gobrecht Journal. First issue December 1974; devoted entirely to
issues of C. Gobrecht, particularly his Liberty Seated coinages.
I2a {1976} Iacocca (Michael G.). Medals to Honor Mint's Chief Engravers. Coin World
17:863 (27 October 1976) p 62-63 [mint engraver planed series, never struck].
M37 {1977} Julian [drawing, Gobrecht, number 14, p xxii]
E13 {1978} Amos, p 211-213.
Px {1978} Price (Helen) Mint Engravers–Unsung Heroes; The Men and Their Coins. Paramount Journal 5:3 (Fall 1978) p 28-30 (includes Gobrecht).
E17 {1983} Pessolano-Filos, p 48-49.
N27 {1984} Jung, p 119.
S48 {1985} Rulau and Fuld (Baker) J-220, p 100.
O12 {1988} Breen 1579-1630, p 173-176; 1862-1873 209- 210; 1874-1923 211-214;
3007-3093 284-293; 3217-3317 309-315; 3935-3988 345-349; 4731- 4739 391-
393; 4740-4929 394-404; 5409-5424 434-436; 5425-5472 436-440; 6154-6329
493- 502; 6519-6801 530-541; 6849-7093 548-558.
N30 {1991} Bowers. Commemorative Coins, p 708-709 (bio).
101 {1991} Clain-Stefanelli (Elivira) From the Drawing Board of a Coin-Engraver:
Sketches by Christial Gobrecht For the Coinage of 1836- 1839. Wolfeboro: The
American Numismatic Association Centennial Anthology; pp 79-98.
N31 {1992} Smith. American Numismatic Biographies, p 101.
S55 {1993} Greenslet, GM-90, p 41, GM-91 42, GM 93 42, GM-94 43; GM-251 107.
N33 {1998} Bowers, p 30, 136, 138.
N36 {2002} Bowers, More Adventures, p 192-196 (1848 CAL quarter eagle gold), 172, 284.
N37 {2005} Burdette. Renaissance of American Coinage ,p 1:5, 59, 102, 210, 302; 2:113; 3:9-10
M57 {2007} Jaeger (Katherine) and Bowers (Q. David) 100 Greatest American Medals
and Tokens. 1836 First Steam Coinage Medal listed as #44, p 90; 1824 Franklin
Institute Medal listed as #65, p76; 1826 Carroll (Charles) of Carrollton Medal
listed as #93, p 104; 1837 Massahusetts Charitable Mechanic Association Medal listed
as #171 in second 100 greatest, p 114.
M61 {2008} Jaeger (Katherine) Guide Book of United States Tokens and Medals, p 240, 246.
M60 {2008} Dean, National Commemorative Medals of U.S. Mint; D1976-2, p 57
M62 {2008} Swoger, National Commemorative Medals, 408, p 262-263.
O16 {2010} Jordan (Eric) Modern Commemorative Coins … Featuring U.S. Coins from
1982 to Date. Iola, WI: Krause Publications (2010) p 256.
N43 {2011} Orosz and Augsburger. The Secret History of the First U.S. Mint, p 37.
employed for issues AM-12 to AM-18) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Auctions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . PCA 84:346
1845ca Franklin Institute Scott Premium Medal (unsigned but
attributed to Gobrecht). . . . Harkness Pa-55, Julian AM-19,
Fuld FR.N.FR.6
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PCA 52:363
Illustrated: M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, page . . . . . .132 1845ca Franklin Institute Scott Premium Medal (unsigned
but attributed to Gobrecht with unusual "emblem" as
signature on truncation; rev lettering in die includes
one line--AWARDED TO-- as horizontal inscription;
dates/issued:184?- ]. . . . . . Harkness PA-60, Julian AM-20,
Greenslett GM-92
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . .J&J 5:501; PCA 56:354, PCA 59:465
Illustrated: M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, page . . . . . .132
1845ca Franklin Institute Scott Premium Medal (unsigned
but attributed to Gobrecht; rev lettering in die entirely
adjacent to rim –as legend–with recipient’s name, data,
date hand inscribed). . . . .Harkness PA-65, Julian AM-20A
Illustrated: M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, page . . . . . .132
n.d. Jackson (Andrew) Indian Peace and Franklin Institute
Reverse Mule Medal [obv IP-16, rev AM-17 by Christian
Gobrecht; probably struck in 1880s]. . . . . . . .
Collection: American Numismatic Society. 0000.999.30341
M E D A L S
1821 Peale's Philadelphia Museum Medal (obv portrait
Charles Willson Peale, museum owner; struck at U.S.
Mint about 1830) . . . . PA 398, Freeman 414, Julian UN-22
Auctions:. . . . . . . . PCA 46:25, PCA 47:125, PCA 47:1177,
PCA 51:41, PCA 56:359, PCA 82:50
Collection: Smithsonian National Numismatic. . . 392:383
Illustrated: N43 {2011} Orosz and Augsburger . . . . . p 77
1821 Peale's Philadelphia Museum Bearer Pass Medal (obv
portrait Charles Willson Peal, rev number) . . . . . .PA 398,
Julian UN-23
Auctions:. . . . . . BMP 1:4735; NAS 65:2190; PCA 55:28,
PCA 56:44
Illustrated: N43 {2011} Orosz and Augsburger . . . . . p 77
1826 Carroll (Charles) of Carrollton Medal. . . . . .. . Julian PE-6
Auctions:. . . . . . BMP 2:5375, BMP 2:5922; PCA 49:410,
PCA 62:332, PCA 68:536-537
Illustrated: M57 {2007} Jaeger-Bowers, 100 Greatest #93
1826 New England Society for Promotion of Manufacturers
and Mechanical Arts Medal (obv Archimedes, Galileo,
Newton). . . . . . . . . . . . . . Harkness Reg-60, Julian AM-55,
Storer 1509
Auctions:. . . BMP 2:5530-5532; PCA 49:428, PCA 64:637,
PCA 70:646
Collection: American Numismatic Society .0000.999.44984
Illustrated: Jaeger M61 {2008} U.S. Tokens, Medals, p 240
Illustrated: Vermeule A15 {1971} Numismatic Art p. . . . 39
Illustrated: M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, page . . . . . .165
1836 United States Mint First Steam Coinage Medal
(February inscription). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Julian MT-20
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BMP 2:5360
Illustrated: M57 {2007} Jaeger-Bowers, 100 Greatest . #44
Illustrated: N43 {2011} Orosz and Augsburger . . . . . p 180
1836 United States Mint First Steam Coinage Medal
(March inscription) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Julian MT-21
Auctions:. . . BMP 1:5385, BMP 2:5361-5362; J&J 10:1890,
J&J 17:907; J&J 17:925, J&J 21:606; NAS 65:2139;
PCA 45:1745, PCA 46:1230, PCA 57:1739-1740
Collection: American Numismatic Soc [>1] . 0000.999.3325
Collection: Smithsonian National Numismatic. . .. . 370:238
Illustrated: N43 {2011} Orosz and Augsburger . . . . . p 180
1837 Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association Medal
[dates/issue: 1837-95] . . . . Harkness MA-70, Julian AM-33,
Storer 1308
Auctions:. . .. .BMP 2:5504-5505; CAL 28:876; J&J 26:739;
NAS 65:1892; PCA 48:524, PCA 50:374, PCA 54:294,
PCA 55:1600, PCA 59:3, PCA 62:350, PCA 64:635,
PCA 65:1693, PCA 66:343, PCA 70:644, PCA 71:490-491,
PCA 72:571, PCA 78:433
Collection: American Numismatic Soc [>1] . 1956.163.1393
Illustrated: Jaeger M61 {2008} U.S. Tokens, Medals, p . 240
Illustrated: M63 {2009} Harkness & Corio, page . . . . . . . 58
1839c United Bowmen of Philadelphia Medal (attributed
to Gobrecht by Joseph Levine). . . . . . . . . . . . . Julian UN-35
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BMP 2:5584; PCA 64:642
L I S T M E D A L S
1836 United States Mint First Steam Coinage Medal (with
March inscription) [MT-21] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . List 622
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J&J 19:1265
S E A L S
n.d. Pennsylvania Hospital Philadelphia Seal. . . . . . .
n.d. Saint Peter's Church Philadelphia Seal . . . . . . .
R E P L I C A M E D A L S E R I E S
1966-81 Hanover Numismatic Society Medal Series (replicating
many Gobrecht coins and medals). . . . . . . . . . .
Complete Set of 34 Medals:
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PCA 57:516
Group of 7 Medals:
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J&J 20:221
1968 Hanover Numismatic Society Benjamin Franklin by
Gobrecht Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . Greenslett GM-251
R E P L I C A S & R E I S S U E S
1834 Glorious Whig Victory Token (Liberty Cap copied by an
unknown engraver from Gobrecht's 1836 pattern gold
dollar and First Steam Coinage Medal). . . . . . . Low 7
Auctions:. . . . . . . BMP 1:4504; PCA 64:375, PCA 65:8,
PCA 75:6,
1845ca Glorious Whig Victory Medal (rev device after
Gobrecht's Liberty Cap design of 1836) . . . . . . .
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PCA 66:5
1860ca Washington (George) and Charles Willson Peale
Medal (Washington obv by Robert Lovett Jr, muled with
Gobrecht's Peale portrait U.S. Mint UN-2). . Baker J-220
1892 Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Asociation
Eigthteenth Exhibition Medal. . . . . . . . Storer 1318
1976 Carroll (Charles) of Carrollton Medal (reissue of 1826
Medal, PE-6, with addition of bicentennial
dates on obv) . . Turner 42, Dean D1976-2, Swoger 408
Auctions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CAL 29:1110
Illustrated: M60 {2008}Dean, National Comm Medals, p 57
Illustrated: M62 {2008}Swoger, Nat Comm Medals p 263
1976 Gobrecht (Christian) Medal (by Joseph Dinardo) . . .
Auctions:. . . . . . CAL 29:763; J&J 21:405; PCA 70:1345
Collection: American Numismatic Society. . . . 1983.12.2
Illustrated: P4 {1981} TAMS Journal 21:3 (October) p 146
1985 Philadelphia Coin Club 50th Anniversary Medal (obv
Gobrecht's Liberty Seated from 1976 medal by Dinardo)
Auctions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PCA 70:1356
A R C H I V E S
AAA Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, 1 partial microfilm real P24.
C O L L E C T I O N S
C4 {1912} Comparette 238, p 370; 383 392.
C14 {1996} Marqusee 195, p 39, (biography) 92.
B I O G R A P H I C A L R E F E R E N C E S
Px {1844] Philadelphia Public Ledger (25 Jul 1844) 2:7.
E1 {1883} DuBois, p 14.
Px {1906} Darrach (Charles Gobrecht) Christian Gobrecht, Artist and Inventor
Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 30:3 (July 1906) pp 355-358.
D8 {1926} Fielding, p 140, 470.
BE {1943} Webster's Biographical Dictionary, p 601.
BDAB{1946} Dictionary of American Biography, 4:1 pp 336- by J.J. [Joseph Jackson].
D15 {1957} Groce and Wallace p 263.
BH {1963} Who Was Who, p 196.
D33 {1986} Opitz, p 331.
AE1 {1988} Falk, 1:82.
BF2 {1999} Falk. Who Was Who in American Art, p 2:1305.
D3a {2006} Benezit.Dictionary of Artists, p 6:352.
N U M I S M A T I C R E F E R E N C E S
N3 {1888} Evans.
E3 {1902-30} Forrer 2:284, 7:370-373.
P2 {1909} Adams (Edgar H.) Beautiful Coin Types by a Calico Designer. The Numismatist 22:1 (January 1909) p 2.
P2 {1911} The Numismatist 24:12 (December) pp 417-418 (reprinted in Forrer).
M10 {1923} Storer (Massachusetts) 1308, p 169 (pl 21), 1318 170, 1509 194 (pl 25).
N8 {1924} Stewart, p 87.
P2 {1940} The Numismatist 53: p 483.
Px {1944} Coffin (Joseph) Christian Gobrecht Numismatic Scrapbook Magazine 10: (1944) p 889-890.
E8 {1951} Kenney, p 10-11.
E8A {1951} Kenney Manuscript File.
H40 {1954} Breen. The Secret History of the Gobrecht Coinage, 1836-1840, Coin Collector's Journal (1954).
Px {1963} An American Medal [Charles Carroll by Gobrecht]. Antiques 83:2 (February 1963) p 220.
M21 {1964} Freeman, 186, 414, p 91, 200-201.
S26 {1968} Turner 42.
A15 {1971} Vermeule, passim.
N21 {1974} Clain-Stefanelli, color photographs: miniature painting of Gobrecht,
drawings by him, dies, galvano, struck pieces, illustrations pp 160- 161, text 167.
Px {1974} Gobrecht Journal. First issue December 1974; devoted entirely to
issues of C. Gobrecht, particularly his Liberty Seated coinages.
I2a {1976} Iacocca (Michael G.). Medals to Honor Mint's Chief Engravers. Coin World
17:863 (27 October 1976) p 62-63 [mint engraver planed series, never struck].
M37 {1977} Julian [drawing, Gobrecht, number 14, p xxii]
E13 {1978} Amos, p 211-213.
Px {1978} Price (Helen) Mint Engravers–Unsung Heroes; The Men and Their Coins. Paramount Journal 5:3 (Fall 1978) p 28-30 (includes Gobrecht).
E17 {1983} Pessolano-Filos, p 48-49.
N27 {1984} Jung, p 119.
S48 {1985} Rulau and Fuld (Baker) J-220, p 100.
O12 {1988} Breen 1579-1630, p 173-176; 1862-1873 209- 210; 1874-1923 211-214;
3007-3093 284-293; 3217-3317 309-315; 3935-3988 345-349; 4731- 4739 391-
393; 4740-4929 394-404; 5409-5424 434-436; 5425-5472 436-440; 6154-6329
493- 502; 6519-6801 530-541; 6849-7093 548-558.
N30 {1991} Bowers. Commemorative Coins, p 708-709 (bio).
101 {1991} Clain-Stefanelli (Elivira) From the Drawing Board of a Coin-Engraver:
Sketches by Christial Gobrecht For the Coinage of 1836- 1839. Wolfeboro: The
American Numismatic Association Centennial Anthology; pp 79-98.
N31 {1992} Smith. American Numismatic Biographies, p 101.
S55 {1993} Greenslet, GM-90, p 41, GM-91 42, GM 93 42, GM-94 43; GM-251 107.
N33 {1998} Bowers, p 30, 136, 138.
N36 {2002} Bowers, More Adventures, p 192-196 (1848 CAL quarter eagle gold), 172, 284.
N37 {2005} Burdette. Renaissance of American Coinage ,p 1:5, 59, 102, 210, 302; 2:113; 3:9-10
M57 {2007} Jaeger (Katherine) and Bowers (Q. David) 100 Greatest American Medals
and Tokens. 1836 First Steam Coinage Medal listed as #44, p 90; 1824 Franklin
Institute Medal listed as #65, p76; 1826 Carroll (Charles) of Carrollton Medal
listed as #93, p 104; 1837 Massahusetts Charitable Mechanic Association Medal listed
as #171 in second 100 greatest, p 114.
M61 {2008} Jaeger (Katherine) Guide Book of United States Tokens and Medals, p 240, 246.
M60 {2008} Dean, National Commemorative Medals of U.S. Mint; D1976-2, p 57
M62 {2008} Swoger, National Commemorative Medals, 408, p 262-263.
O16 {2010} Jordan (Eric) Modern Commemorative Coins … Featuring U.S. Coins from
1982 to Date. Iola, WI: Krause Publications (2010) p 256.
N43 {2011} Orosz and Augsburger. The Secret History of the First U.S. Mint, p 37.